Making monochromatic images of a high calibre is more difficult than you would think. While the majority of desktop photo printers can successfully reproduce an acceptable colour image, they might struggle to accurately reproduce black and white images.
Why is this the case?
Cyan, magenta, and yellow (CMY) inks are often used in ordinary picture printers, whereas a single black ink is used to print all of the grey and black hues. Devices with two standard black inks often have one for use with matte papers and another one for gloss sheets; these are not utilised in tandem on a single print.
So, why is this a problem?
The tonal gradations of shading are the secret to a successful monochrome image; there are certain inherent issues if all the different shades of grey are produced with a single ink. The ratio of white space to black dots on a printed page determines how much grey your eyes will see. This implies that you have to increase the amount of white space on the page to generate specific hues, which might make the image appear grainy.
As an alternative, you may print an image using composite black, which combines both black and CMY inks. This enables the printer to produce prints with superior print quality and richer hues. The drawback of this method is that it might cause your black and white prints to seem to have a magenta or green tint to them, which is a typical issue with four-color printing devices when printing greyscale.
What’s the solution?
You may experiment with various colour profiles, use a software RIP, or even make changes to the original print in your photo editing programme to the settings to enhance colour cast on your black and white photographs. But ultimately, buying a printer with many black and grey inks is the best approach to get high-quality black and white prints.
You can create a wide range of hues without sacrificing resolution if the device has a variety of grey tones. The transition between tones is significantly smoother, resulting in a more realistic black-and-white image since there are far less tonal changes between, say, dark grey and light grey inks than between conventional black and the white on the page. The extra benefit of having several shades of grey and black is that you rely less on the colours in your device to help produce shades, making magenta or green hues less frequent.